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Question: Answered & Verified by Expert
5 g of water at 30 °C and 5 g of ice at -20 °C are mixed together in a calorimeter. Find the final temperature of the mixture. Assume water equivalent of calorimeter to be negligible, specific heats of ice and water are 0.5 and 1 cal g-1 °C-1, and latent heat of ice is 80 cal g-1.
PhysicsThermal Properties of MatterJEE Main
Options:
  • A 0 °C
     
  • B 10 °C
     
  • C -30 °C
  • D > 10 °C
     
Solution:
2008 Upvotes Verified Answer
The correct answer is: 0 °C
 
Here ice will absorb heat while hot water will release it.
So if T is the final temperature of the mixture, heat given by water

               Q1=mcΔT=5×1×30-T

And heat absorbed by the ice

Q2=5×120--20+5×80+5×1T-0

So, by the principle of calorimetry Q1= Q2, i.e.,

                     150 - 5T = 450 + 5T

                              T=- 30 °C

Which is impossible as a body cannot be cooled to a temperature below the temperature of the cooling body. The physical reason for this discrepancy is the heat remaining after changing the temperature of ice from -20 to 0oC with some ice left unmelted and we are taking it for granted that heat is transferred from water at 0oC to ice at 0oC so that temperature below 0oC.
However, as heat cannot flow from one body (water) to the other (ice) at the same temperature (0oC), the temperature of the system will not fall below 0oC.

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