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Question: Answered & Verified by Expert
A box contains b blue balls and $\mathrm{r}$ red balls. A ball is drawn randomly from the box and is returned to the box with another ball of the same colour. The probability that the second ball drawn from the box is blue is -
MathematicsProbabilityKVPYKVPY 2016 (SB/SX)
Options:
  • A $\frac{b}{r+b}$
  • B $\frac{b^{2}}{(r+b)^{2}}$
  • C $\frac{b+1}{r+b+1}$
  • D $\frac{b(b+1)}{(r+b)(r+b+1)}$
Solution:
2395 Upvotes Verified Answer
The correct answer is: $\frac{b}{r+b}$
$\mathrm{P}\left(\mathrm{b}_{2}\right)=\mathrm{P}\left(\mathrm{b}_{1}\right) \cdot \mathrm{P}\left(\frac{\mathrm{b}_{2}}{\mathrm{~b}_{1}}\right)+\mathrm{P}\left(\mathrm{R}_{1}\right) \cdot \mathrm{P}\left(\frac{\mathrm{b}_{2}}{\mathrm{R}_{1}}\right)=\frac{\mathrm{b}}{\mathrm{b}+\mathrm{r}} \cdot \frac{\mathrm{b}+1}{\mathrm{~b}+\mathrm{r}+1}+\frac{\mathrm{r}}{\mathrm{b}+\mathrm{r}} \cdot \frac{\mathrm{b}}{\mathrm{b}+\mathrm{r}+1}=\frac{\mathrm{b}}{\mathrm{b}+\mathrm{r}}$

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