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A convex lens of focal length \( 15 \mathrm{~cm} \) and a concave mirror of focal length \( 30 \mathrm{~cm} \) are kept with their optic axis PQ and RS parallel but separated in vertical direction by \( 0.6 \mathrm{~cm} \) as shown. The distance between the lens and mirror is \( 30 \mathrm{~cm} \). An upright object \( \mathrm{AB} \) of height \( 1.2 \mathrm{~cm} \) is placed on the optic axis \( \mathrm{PQ} \) of the lens at a distance of \( 20 \mathrm{~cm} \) from the lens. If \( \mathrm{A}^{\prime} \mathrm{B}^{\prime} \) is the image after refraction from the lens and the reflection from the mirror, find the distance of \( A^{\prime} B^{\prime} \) from the pole of the mirror and obtain its magnification. Also locate positions of \( A^{\prime} \) and \( B^{\prime} \) with respect to the optic axis \( R S \).
PhysicsRay OpticsJEE Main
Options:
  • A \( -1 \cdot 8 \mathrm{~cm} \)
  • B \( -2.0 \mathrm{~cm} \)
  • C \( -18 \mathrm{~cm} \)
  • D \( -20 \mathrm{~cm} \)
Solution:
1800 Upvotes Verified Answer
The correct answer is: \( -1 \cdot 8 \mathrm{~cm} \)
Rays coming from object AB first refract from the lens and then reflect from the mirror.
Refraction from the lens
μ = - 20 cm, f = + 15 cm
Using lens formula,  1 υ - 1 u = 1 f
1 υ - 1 - 2 0 = 1 1 5
  υ = + 60 cm
and linear magnification,  m 1 = υ u = + 6 0 - 2 0 = - 3
i,e., first image formed by the lens will be at 60 cm from it ( or 30 cm from mirror ) towards left and 3 times magnified but inverted. Length of first image A1 B1 would be 1.2 x 3 = 3.6 cm ( inverted).
                    
Reflections from mirror Image formed by lens ( A1 B1) will behave like a virtual object for mirror at a distance of 30 cm from it as shown. Therefore u =+ 30 cm, f =- 30 cm.
Using mirror formula, 1 υ + 1 u = 1 f
or,  1 υ + 1 3 0 = - 1 3 0
  υ = - 1 5 cm
and linear magnification, m 2 = - υ u = - - 1 5 + 3 0 = + 1 2
i.e., final image A' B' will be located at a distance of 15 cm from the mirror ( towards right) and since magnification is + 1 2 , length of final image would be 3 · 6 × 1 2 = 1 · 8 cm.
  A B = 1 · 8 cm
Point B is 0.6 cm above the optic axis of mirror, therefore, its image B' would be 0 · 6 ( 1 2 ) = 0 · 3 cm.  above optic axis. Similarly, point A is 3 cm below the optic axis, therefore, its image A' will be 3 × 1 2 = 1 · 5 cm.  below the optic axis as shown below

Total magnification of the image,
  m = m 1 × m 2 = - 3 + 1 2 = - 3 2
  A B = m AB = - 3 2 1 · 2 = - 1 · 8 cm
Note that, there is no need of drawing the ray diagram if not asked in the question. Note With reference to the pole an optical instrument ( whether it is a lens or a mirror) the coordinates of the object (X0, Y0) are generally known to us. The corresponding coordinates of image ( Xi, Yi) are found as follows
  X 1 is obtained using  1 υ ± 1 u = 1 f
Here, υ is actually X0 and u is X ie, the above formula can
be written as 1 X i ± 1 X 0 = 1 f
Similarly, Y is obtained from m = I 0
Here, I is Y and O is Y i.e., the above formula can be written as m = Y i / Y 0 or Y i = m Y 0

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