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A electric dipole has the magnitude of its charge as $q$ and its dipole moment is $p$. It is placed in a uniform electric field $E$. If its dipole moment is along the direction of the field, the force on it and it and its potential energy are respectively:
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zero and minimum
Force on each charge, of dipole $F=$ $p E$
$\therefore$ Total force $=$ zero, they are in opposite director
$\therefore \vec{P}$ and $\vec{E}$ are parallel to each other
$\therefore \quad U=-\vec{P} \cdot \vec{E}$ is minimum.
$\therefore$ Total force $=$ zero, they are in opposite director
$\therefore \vec{P}$ and $\vec{E}$ are parallel to each other
$\therefore \quad U=-\vec{P} \cdot \vec{E}$ is minimum.
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