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A unit vector perpendicular to both $\mathbf{i}+\mathbf{j}+\mathbf{k}$ and $2 \mathbf{i}+\mathbf{j}+3 \mathbf{k}$ is
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Verified Answer
The correct answer is:
$\frac{(2 i-j-k)}{\sqrt{6}}$
Given vectors $\mathbf{b}=\mathbf{i}+\mathbf{j}+\mathbf{k}, \mathbf{c}=2 \mathbf{i}+\mathbf{j}+3 \mathbf{k}$ Let the unit vector $a=\frac{a}{|a|}$
$\mathbf{a} \cdot \mathbf{b}=0$
$\Rightarrow \quad \frac{\left(a_{1} \mathbf{i}+a_{2} \mathbf{j}+a_{3} \mathbf{k}\right)}{|\mathbf{a}|} \cdot(\mathbf{i}+\mathbf{j}+\mathbf{k})=0$
$\begin{array}{lc}\Rightarrow & a_{1}+a_{2}+a_{3}=0 \\ \text { and } & \mathbf{a} \cdot \mathbf{c}=0 \\ \Rightarrow & \frac{\left(a_{1} \mathbf{i}+a_{2} \mathbf{j}+a_{3} \mathbf{k}\right)}{|\mathbf{a}|} \cdot(2 \mathbf{i}+\mathbf{j}+3 \mathbf{k})=0\end{array}$
$\Rightarrow \quad 2 a_{1}+a_{2}+3 a_{3}=0 \quad \ldots$ (iii)
On solving Eqs. (ii) and (iii) by cross multiplication method
$$
\begin{aligned}
\frac{a_{1}}{3-1} &=\frac{a_{2}}{2-3}=\frac{a_{3}}{1-2} \\
\Rightarrow \quad \frac{a_{1}}{2} &=\frac{a_{2}}{-1}=\frac{a_{3}}{-1}
\end{aligned}
$$
From Eq. (i), we get
$$
a=\frac{2 i-j-k}{\sqrt{4+1+1}}=\frac{(2 i-j-k)}{\sqrt{6}}
$$
$\mathbf{a} \cdot \mathbf{b}=0$
$\Rightarrow \quad \frac{\left(a_{1} \mathbf{i}+a_{2} \mathbf{j}+a_{3} \mathbf{k}\right)}{|\mathbf{a}|} \cdot(\mathbf{i}+\mathbf{j}+\mathbf{k})=0$
$\begin{array}{lc}\Rightarrow & a_{1}+a_{2}+a_{3}=0 \\ \text { and } & \mathbf{a} \cdot \mathbf{c}=0 \\ \Rightarrow & \frac{\left(a_{1} \mathbf{i}+a_{2} \mathbf{j}+a_{3} \mathbf{k}\right)}{|\mathbf{a}|} \cdot(2 \mathbf{i}+\mathbf{j}+3 \mathbf{k})=0\end{array}$
$\Rightarrow \quad 2 a_{1}+a_{2}+3 a_{3}=0 \quad \ldots$ (iii)
On solving Eqs. (ii) and (iii) by cross multiplication method
$$
\begin{aligned}
\frac{a_{1}}{3-1} &=\frac{a_{2}}{2-3}=\frac{a_{3}}{1-2} \\
\Rightarrow \quad \frac{a_{1}}{2} &=\frac{a_{2}}{-1}=\frac{a_{3}}{-1}
\end{aligned}
$$
From Eq. (i), we get
$$
a=\frac{2 i-j-k}{\sqrt{4+1+1}}=\frac{(2 i-j-k)}{\sqrt{6}}
$$
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