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Arrange the following anilines in decreasing order of basicity
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The correct answer is:
4 > 3 > 1 > 2
group is inductively electron-donating and base-strengthening from all position. Moreover, if is attached to benzene ring (or if R has benzylic H), it is electron-donating by hyper-conjugation from the ortho and para positions. Because of ortho effect, o-substituted aniline become less basic than aniline. Thus,
(hyper-conjugation and induction) > (induction) > (ortho effect).
(hyper-conjugation and induction) > (induction) > (ortho effect).
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