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Assign the position of the element having outer electronic configuration,
(i) \(n s^2 n p^4\) for \(\mathrm{n}=3\)
(ii) \((\mathrm{n}-1) d^2 n s^2\) for \(\mathrm{n}=4\) and
(iii) \((\mathrm{n}-2) f^7(\mathrm{n}-1) d^1 n s^2\) for \(\mathrm{n}=6\) in the periodic table.
(i) \(n s^2 n p^4\) for \(\mathrm{n}=3\)
(ii) \((\mathrm{n}-1) d^2 n s^2\) for \(\mathrm{n}=4\) and
(iii) \((\mathrm{n}-2) f^7(\mathrm{n}-1) d^1 n s^2\) for \(\mathrm{n}=6\) in the periodic table.
Solution:
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Verified Answer
(i) When \(\mathrm{n}=3\), it suggests that the element belongs to third period. Since the last electron enters the \(\mathrm{p}\)-orbital, therefore, the given element is a p-block element. Further since the valence shell contains
\(6(2+4)\) electrons, therefore, group number of the element \(=10+\) no. of electrons in the valence shell \(=10+6=16\). The complete electronic configuration of the element is \(1 s^2 2 s^2 2 p^6 3 s^2 3 p^4\) and the element is \(\mathrm{S}\) (Sulphur)
(ii) \(\mathrm{n}=4\) suggests that the element lies in the 4th period. Since the d-orbitals are incomplete, therefore, it is a \(\mathrm{d}\)-block element. The group number of the element \(=\) no. of d-electrons \(+\) no. of \(\mathrm{s}\)-electrons \(=2+2=4\). Thus, the elements lies in group 4 and 4 th period. The complete electronic configuration of the element (Titanium).
(iii) \(\mathrm{n}=6\) means that the element lies in the sixth period. Since the last electron goes to the \(\mathrm{f}-\mathrm{orbital}\), therefore, the element is a \(\mathrm{f}\)-block element. All \(\mathrm{f}\)-block elements lie in group 3. The complete electronic configuration of the element is [Xe] \(4 f^7 5 d^1 6 s^2\). The atomic number of the element \(54+7+1+2=64\) and the element Gd (Gadolinium).
\(6(2+4)\) electrons, therefore, group number of the element \(=10+\) no. of electrons in the valence shell \(=10+6=16\). The complete electronic configuration of the element is \(1 s^2 2 s^2 2 p^6 3 s^2 3 p^4\) and the element is \(\mathrm{S}\) (Sulphur)
(ii) \(\mathrm{n}=4\) suggests that the element lies in the 4th period. Since the d-orbitals are incomplete, therefore, it is a \(\mathrm{d}\)-block element. The group number of the element \(=\) no. of d-electrons \(+\) no. of \(\mathrm{s}\)-electrons \(=2+2=4\). Thus, the elements lies in group 4 and 4 th period. The complete electronic configuration of the element (Titanium).
(iii) \(\mathrm{n}=6\) means that the element lies in the sixth period. Since the last electron goes to the \(\mathrm{f}-\mathrm{orbital}\), therefore, the element is a \(\mathrm{f}\)-block element. All \(\mathrm{f}\)-block elements lie in group 3. The complete electronic configuration of the element is [Xe] \(4 f^7 5 d^1 6 s^2\). The atomic number of the element \(54+7+1+2=64\) and the element Gd (Gadolinium).
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