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Question: Answered & Verified by Expert
Consider the following haloalkanes
(1) CH3F
(2) CH3Cl
(3) CH3Br
(4) CH3I
The correct sequence of increasing order of dipole moments is
ChemistryChemical Bonding and Molecular StructureNEET
Options:
  • A 1 < 2 < 3 < 4
  • B 4 < 3 < 2 < 1
  • C 4 < 3 < 1 < 2
  • D 3 < 4 < 1 < 2
Solution:
2717 Upvotes Verified Answer
The correct answer is: 4 < 3 < 1 < 2
CH3I1.64D<CH3Br1.79D<CH3F1.84D<CH3Cl1.94D
The charge separation in C-X bond decreases in the order
C-F>C-Cl>C-Br>C-I, due to decrease in the electronegativity as we more from FClBrI .
CH3Cl has higher dipole moment than CH3F , because of larger bond length of C-Cl bond. The larger C-Cl bond length causes dipole moment (μ)=q×d to be larger for CH3Cl than CH3F . In case of other haloalkanes, the effect of larger C-X bond length cannot outweigh the effect of decreased charge separation.

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