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If $\mathrm{f}^{\prime}(\mathrm{x})=\frac{\mathrm{x}}{\sqrt{1+\mathrm{x}}}$ and $\mathrm{f}(0)=0$, then $\mathrm{f}(\mathrm{x})=$
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Verified Answer
The correct answer is:
$\frac{2}{3}\left\{(1+x)^{\frac{3}{2}}-3(1+x)^{\frac{1}{2}}+2\right\}$
Given : $f^{\prime}(x)=\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x}}, f(0)=0$
$\Rightarrow \int \mathrm{f}^{\prime}(\mathrm{x}) \mathrm{d} \mathrm{x}=\int \frac{\mathrm{x}}{\sqrt{1+\mathrm{x}}} \mathrm{dx}$
$\Rightarrow \mathrm{f}(\mathrm{x})=\int \frac{\mathrm{x}}{\sqrt{1+\mathrm{x}}} \mathrm{dx}$
Let $1+\mathrm{x}=\mathrm{t}^{2} \Rightarrow \mathrm{x}=\mathrm{t}^{2}-1$ $\Rightarrow \mathrm{dx}=2 \mathrm{t} \cdot \mathrm{dt}$
$\begin{array}{l}
\therefore \mathrm{f}(\mathrm{x})=\int \frac{\mathrm{t}^{2}-1}{\mathrm{t}} \cdot 2 \mathrm{t} \mathrm{dt}=2 \int\left(\mathrm{t}^{2}-1\right) \mathrm{dt} \\
\Rightarrow \mathrm{f}(\mathrm{x})=2\left[\frac{\mathrm{t}^{3}}{3}-\mathrm{t}\right]+\mathrm{c} \\
\Rightarrow \mathrm{f}(\mathrm{x})=2\left[\frac{(1+\mathrm{x})^{3 / 2}}{3}-(1+\mathrm{x})^{1 / 2}\right]+\mathrm{c} ...(1)
\end{array}$
But $\mathrm{f}(0)=0 \Rightarrow 2\left[\frac{1}{3}-1\right]+\mathrm{c}=0$
$\Rightarrow-\frac{4}{3}+\mathrm{c}=0 \Rightarrow \mathrm{c}=\frac{4}{3}$
$\therefore$ Equation (1) becomes
$\mathrm{f}(\mathrm{x})=2\left[\frac{(1+\mathrm{x})^{3 / 2}}{3}-(1+\mathrm{x})^{1 / 2}\right]+\frac{4}{3}$
$\Rightarrow \mathrm{f}(\mathrm{x})=\frac{2}{3}\left[(1+\mathrm{x})^{3 / 2}-3(1+\mathrm{x})^{1 / 2}+2\right]$
$\Rightarrow \int \mathrm{f}^{\prime}(\mathrm{x}) \mathrm{d} \mathrm{x}=\int \frac{\mathrm{x}}{\sqrt{1+\mathrm{x}}} \mathrm{dx}$
$\Rightarrow \mathrm{f}(\mathrm{x})=\int \frac{\mathrm{x}}{\sqrt{1+\mathrm{x}}} \mathrm{dx}$
Let $1+\mathrm{x}=\mathrm{t}^{2} \Rightarrow \mathrm{x}=\mathrm{t}^{2}-1$ $\Rightarrow \mathrm{dx}=2 \mathrm{t} \cdot \mathrm{dt}$
$\begin{array}{l}
\therefore \mathrm{f}(\mathrm{x})=\int \frac{\mathrm{t}^{2}-1}{\mathrm{t}} \cdot 2 \mathrm{t} \mathrm{dt}=2 \int\left(\mathrm{t}^{2}-1\right) \mathrm{dt} \\
\Rightarrow \mathrm{f}(\mathrm{x})=2\left[\frac{\mathrm{t}^{3}}{3}-\mathrm{t}\right]+\mathrm{c} \\
\Rightarrow \mathrm{f}(\mathrm{x})=2\left[\frac{(1+\mathrm{x})^{3 / 2}}{3}-(1+\mathrm{x})^{1 / 2}\right]+\mathrm{c} ...(1)
\end{array}$
But $\mathrm{f}(0)=0 \Rightarrow 2\left[\frac{1}{3}-1\right]+\mathrm{c}=0$
$\Rightarrow-\frac{4}{3}+\mathrm{c}=0 \Rightarrow \mathrm{c}=\frac{4}{3}$
$\therefore$ Equation (1) becomes
$\mathrm{f}(\mathrm{x})=2\left[\frac{(1+\mathrm{x})^{3 / 2}}{3}-(1+\mathrm{x})^{1 / 2}\right]+\frac{4}{3}$
$\Rightarrow \mathrm{f}(\mathrm{x})=\frac{2}{3}\left[(1+\mathrm{x})^{3 / 2}-3(1+\mathrm{x})^{1 / 2}+2\right]$
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