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In the medium where $E$. coli was growing, lactose was added, which induced the Iac operon. Then, why does lac operon shut down some time after addition of lactose in the medium?
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Lac operon is switched on adding lactose in the medium, as lactose acts as inducer and make repressor inactive. Due to this switch on of lac operon system, $\beta$-galactosidase is formed which converts lactose into glucose and galactose. As soon as lactose is consumed, repressor again become active and cause switch off(shut down) of system.
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