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Question: Answered & Verified by Expert
Let $a_{n}$ denote the number of all $n$-digit positive integers formed by the digits 0,1 or both such that no consecutive digits in them are 0 . Let $b_{n}=$ the number of such $n$-digit integers ending with digit 1 and $c_{n}=$ the number of such $n$-digit integers ending with digit 0 .

Question: The value of $b_{6}$ is
MathematicsPermutation CombinationJEE AdvancedJEE Advanced 2012 (Paper 2)
Options:
  • A 7
  • B 8
  • C 9
  • D 11
Solution:
1915 Upvotes Verified Answer
The correct answer is: 8
$\because a_{n}=$ number of all $n$ digit +ve integers formed by the digits 0,1 or both such that no consecutive digits in them are 0 .

and $b_{n}=$ number of such $n$ digit integers ending with 1 $c_{n}=$ number of such $n$ digit integers ending with 0

Clearly, $a_{n}=b_{n}+c_{n}\left(\because a_{n}\right.$ can end with 0 or 1)

Also $b_{n}=a_{n-1}$ and $c_{n}=a_{n-2}[\because$ if last digit is 0 , second last has to be 1]

$\therefore$ We get $a_{n}=a_{n-1}+a_{n-2}, n \geq 3$

Also $a_{1}=1, a_{2}=2$,

Now by this recurring formula, we get

$\begin{aligned} a_{3} &=a_{2}+a_{1}=3 \\ a_{4} &=a_{3}+a_{2}=3+2=5 \\ a_{5} &=a_{4}+a_{3}=5+3=8 \\ \text { Also } b_{6} &=a_{5}=8 \end{aligned}$

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