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Tollen's reagent is used for the detection of aldehyde when a solution of $\mathrm{AgNO}_3$ is added to glucose with $\mathrm{NH}_4 \mathrm{OH}$ then gluconic acid is formed
$\begin{array}{rr}\mathrm{Ag}^{+}+e^{-} \rightarrow \mathrm{Ag} & E_{\text {red }}^{\circ}=0.8 \mathrm{~V} \\ \mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_6+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \rightarrow \text { Gluconic acid }\left(\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_7\right)+2 \mathrm{H}^{+}+2 e^{-} ; & -E_{\mathrm{red}}^{\circ}=-0.05 \mathrm{~V} \\ \mathrm{Ag}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_2^{+}+e^{-} \rightarrow \mathrm{Ag}(s)+2 \mathrm{NH}_3 ; & E_{\mathrm{red}}^{\circ}=0.337 \mathrm{~V}\end{array}$
[Use $2.303 \times \frac{R T}{F}=0.0592$ and $\frac{F}{R T}=38.92$ at $298 \mathrm{~K}$ ]Question:
Ammonia is always added in this reaction. Which of the following must be incorrect?
ChemistryElectrochemistryJEE AdvancedJEE Advanced 2006
Options:
  • A
    $\mathrm{NH}_3$ combines with $\mathrm{Ag}^{+}$to form a complex
  • B
    $\mathrm{Ag}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_2^{+}$is a stronger oxidising reagent than $\mathrm{Ag}^{+}$.
  • C
    In absence of $\mathrm{NH}_3$ silver salt of gluconic acid is formed.
  • D
    $\mathrm{NH}_3$ has affected the standard reduction potential of glucose/gluconic acid electrode.
Solution:
1951 Upvotes Verified Answer
The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{NH}_3$ has affected the standard reduction potential of glucose/gluconic acid electrode.
Ammonia has no effect on the standard reduction potential.

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