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The ore which is concentrated by leaching
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The correct answer is:
$\mathrm{Al}_2 \mathrm{O}_3 \cdot 2 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$
Leaching is a process in which powdered ore is treated with certain reagents, which dissolves the ore leaving behind impurities in undissolved form. Aluminium ore is concentrated by this method, bauxite $\left(\mathrm{Al}_2 \mathrm{O}_3 \cdot 2 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}\right)$ contain ferric oxide, titanium oxide and silica as impurities.
Bauxite is treated with aqueous solution of caustic soda. Alumina get dissolved forming soluble sodium aluminate leaving behind impurities.
$$
\mathrm{Al}_2 \mathrm{O}_3+6 \mathrm{NaOH} \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{Na}_3 \mathrm{AlO}_3+3 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}
$$
Bauxite is treated with aqueous solution of caustic soda. Alumina get dissolved forming soluble sodium aluminate leaving behind impurities.
$$
\mathrm{Al}_2 \mathrm{O}_3+6 \mathrm{NaOH} \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{Na}_3 \mathrm{AlO}_3+3 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}
$$
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