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The rate of attack of an electrophile is least when $\mathrm{X}$ in the given compound is
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$-\mathrm{NO}_2$
$-\mathrm{OH},-\mathrm{CH}_3$ and $-\mathrm{NO}_2$ are activating groups. They activates the benzene ring for the attack by an electrophile. $-\mathrm{NO}_2$ is a deactivating group. Due to its strong -I effect, it reduces the electron density in the benzene ring which tends to inhibit the electrophilic attack.
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