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Boron atom has an incomplete octet. It can accept a lone pair from given in the question and can also donate electron to it, thus it can form a -bond also known as back bonding.
The extent of back bonding depends upon the electronegativity of and on the size of the valence shell. Lesser is the electronegativity of and similar is the size of valence shell of and , more will be the extend of back bonding.
and are more electronegative than and group, so there extent of back bonding will be least. Among and will have least tendency to form -bond with boron, because of large size of its -orbital.
Among and
will have the maximum tendency to form -bond because in is less electronegative than in group. Thus, the tendency to form -bond with boron follows the order.
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