The total number of ATP formed in the aerobic respiration from one glucose molecule is

Question

The total number of ATP formed in the aerobic respiration from one glucose molecule is, 30, 38, 40, 24

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The energetics of aerobic respiration is as follows: Energetics of Glycolysis Reaction Type Reaction Products of reaction In terms of ATP ATP Forming Reactions Substrate-level phosphorylation 2 x 1 , 3 B i p h o s p h o g l y c e r a t e + 2 A D P → B i p h o s p h o g l y c e r o k i n a s e 2 x 3 - P h o s p h o g l y c e r a t e + 2 A T P 2 ATP 2 ATP Substrate-level phosphorylation 2 x P E P + 2 A D P → K + , M g 2 + P y r u v a t e K i n a s e 2 x P y r u v a t e + 2 A T P 2 ATP 2 ATP Dehydrogenation 2 x 3 P h o s p h o g l y c e r a l d e h y d e + 2 P i + 2 N A D + → D e h y d r o g e n a s e 2 x 1 , 3 B i p h o s p h o g l y c e r a t e + 2 N A D H 2 2 NADH 2 6 ATP ATP Consuming Reactions Phosphorylation-I G l u cos e + A T P → M g 2 + H e x o k i n a s e G l u cos e 6 - P h o s p h a t e + A D P -1 ATP -1 ATP Phosphorylation-II F r u c t o s e 6 - P h o s p h a t e + A T P → M g 2 + P h o s p h o f r u c t o k i n a s e F r u c t o s e 1 , 6 - B i p h o s p h a t e -1 ATP -1 ATP Net Gain 8 ATP Energetics of Link reaction Reaction Type Reaction Products of reaction In terms of ATP Dehydrogenation P y r u v a t e + C o A + N A D + → M g + 2 , T P P , L i p o i c a c i d P y r u v a t e d e h y d r o g e n a s e A c e t y l C o A + N A D H 2 + C O 2 2 x NADH 2 6 ATP Energetics of Kreb's cycle/TCA cycle Reaction Type Reaction Products of reaction In terms of ATP Dehydrogenation-I I s o c i t r a t e + N A D + → M n + 2 I s o c i t r a t e d e h y d r o g e n a s e O x a l o s u c c i n a t e + N A D H 2 2 x NADH 2 6 ATP Oxidative decarboxylation α - K e t o g l u t a r a t e + C o A + N A D + → M g + 2 , T P P , L i p o i c a c i d α - K e t o g l u t a r a t e d e h y d r o g e n a s e S u c c i n y l C o A + N A D H 2 + C O 2 2 x NADH 2 6 ATP Dehydrogenation III S u c c i n a t e + F A D → S u c c i n i c d e h y d r o g e n a s e F u m a r a t e + F A D H 2 2 x FADH 2 4 ATP Dehydrogenation IV M a l a t e + N A D + → M a l a t e d e h y d r o g e n a s e O x a l o a c e t a t e + N A D H 2 2 x NADH 2 6 ATP Substrate-level Phosphorylation S u c c i n y l C o A + G D P + P i → S u c c i n y l C o A s y n t h e t a s e / S u c c i n y l t h i o k i n a s e S u c c i n a t e + G T P + C o A 2 x 1 GTP 2 ATP Net gain 24 ATP Net gain in aerobic respiration (Glycolysis + Link reaction + Kreb's cycle) 8 ATP + 6 ATP + 24 ATP 38 ATP

Energetics of Glycolysis
Reaction Type	Reaction	Products of reaction	In terms of ATP
ATP Forming Reactions
Substrate-level phosphorylation	$2 x 1, 3 B i p h o s p h o g l y c e r a t e + 2 A D P \overset{B i p h o s p h o g l y c e r o k i n a s e}{\to} 2 x 3 - P h o s p h o g l y c e r a t e + 2 A T P$	2 ATP	2 ATP
Substrate-level phosphorylation	$2 x P E P + 2 A D P \to_{K^{+}, M g^{2 +}}^{P y r u v a t e K i n a s e} 2 x P y r u v a t e + 2 A T P$	2 ATP	2 ATP
Dehydrogenation	$2 x 3 P h o s p h o g l y c e r a l d e h y d e + 2 P i + 2 N A D^{+} \overset{D e h y d r o g e n a s e}{\to} 2 x 1, 3 B i p h o s p h o g l y c e r a t e + 2 N A D H_{2}$	2 NADH₂	6 ATP
ATP Consuming Reactions
Phosphorylation-I	$G l u \cos e + A T P \to_{M g^{2 +}}^{H e x o k i n a s e} G l u \cos e 6 - P h o s p h a t e + A D P$	-1 ATP	-1 ATP
Phosphorylation-II	$F r u c t o s e 6 - P h o s p h a t e + A T P \to_{M g^{2 +}}^{P h o s p h o f r u c t o k i n a s e} F r u c t o s e 1, 6 - B i p h o s p h a t e$	-1 ATP	-1 ATP
	Net Gain		8 ATP

Energetics of Link reaction
Reaction Type	Reaction	Products of reaction	In terms of ATP
Dehydrogenation	$P y r u v a t e + C o A + N A D^{+} \to_{M g^{+ 2}, T P P, L i p o i c a c i d}^{P y r u v a t e d e h y d r o g e n a s e} A c e t y l C o A + N A D H_{2} + C O_{2}$	2 x NADH₂	6 ATP

Energetics of Kreb's cycle/TCA cycle
Reaction Type	Reaction	Products of reaction	In terms of ATP
Dehydrogenation-I	$I s o c i t r a t e + N A D^{+} \to_{M n^{+ 2}}^{I s o c i t r a t e d e h y d r o g e n a s e} O x a l o s u c c i n a t e + N A D H_{2}$	2 x NADH₂	6 ATP
Oxidative decarboxylation	$α - K e t o g l u t a r a t e + C o A + N A D^{+} \to_{M g^{+ 2}, T P P, L i p o i c a c i d}^{α - K e t o g l u t a r a t e d e h y d r o g e n a s e} S u c c i n y l C o A + N A D H_{2} + C O_{2}$	2 x NADH₂	6 ATP
Dehydrogenation III	$S u c c i n a t e + F A D \overset{S u c c i n i c d e h y d r o g e n a s e}{\to} F u m a r a t e + F A D H_{2}$	2 x FADH₂	4 ATP
Dehydrogenation IV	$M a l a t e + N A D^{+} \overset{M a l a t e d e h y d r o g e n a s e}{\to} O x a l o a c e t a t e + N A D H_{2}$	2 x NADH₂	6 ATP
Substrate-level Phosphorylation	$S u c c i n y l C o A + G D P + P i \overset{S u c c i n y l C o A s y n t h e t a s e / S u c c i n y l t h i o k i n a s e}{\to} S u c c i n a t e + G T P + C o A$	2 x 1 GTP	2 ATP
	Net gain		24 ATP
	Net gain in aerobic respiration (Glycolysis + Link reaction + Kreb's cycle)	8 ATP + 6 ATP + 24 ATP	38 ATP

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