The technique of growth of plant cells, tissues, or organs in an artificially prepared nutrient medium under aseptic and controlled conditions of light and temperature is called tissue culture. 
Plant tissue culture was first studied by Gottlieb Haberlandt. The concept of tissue culture is based on the property of the totipotency of the plant cells. The ability or potential of any living plant cell or explant to produce all the differentiated cells in an organism is called totipotency.