What are $X$ and $Y$ in the following reactions?

Question

What are $X$ and $Y$ in the following reactions?, $\begin{array}{cc} \hline \boldsymbol{X} & \boldsymbol{Y} \ \hline \text {Conc. } \mathrm{HNO}_3 & \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4\left(\mathrm{SO}_3\right) \ \hline \end{array}$, $\begin{array}{cc} \hline \boldsymbol{X} & \boldsymbol{Y} \ \hline \text {Conc. } \mathrm{HNO}_3+\text { Conc. } \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4 / 333 \mathrm{~K} & \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4\left(\mathrm{SO}_3\right) \ \hline \end{array}$, $\begin{array}{cc} \hline \boldsymbol{X} & \boldsymbol{Y} \ \hline \mathrm{NaNO}_2 / \mathrm{HCl} & \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4 \ \hline \end{array}$, $\begin{array}{cc} \hline \boldsymbol{X} & \boldsymbol{Y} \ \hline \text {Dil. } \mathrm{HNO}_3 & \mathrm{SO}_3 \ \hline \end{array}$

MARKS App · Accepted Answer

Benzene reacts with conc. $\mathrm{HNO}_3+$ conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4 /$ $333 \mathrm{~K}(X)$ to give nitrobenzene. This reaction is known as nitration. Whereas when, it reacts with sulphuric acid it give benzene sulphonic acid and the reaction is known as sulphonation.

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