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While doing an experiment with potentiometer (figure) it was found that the deflection is one sided and (i) the deflection decreased while moving from one and $A$ of the wire, to the end R; (ii) the deflection increased, while the jockey was moved towards the end D.
(i) Which terminal positive or negative of the cell $\mathrm{E}_1$ is connected at $\mathrm{X}$ in case (i) and how is $\mathrm{E}_1$, related to $\mathrm{E}$ ?
(ii) Which terminal of the cell $\mathrm{E}_1$ is connected at $\mathrm{X}$ in case ( 1 in 1$)$ ?
(i) Which terminal positive or negative of the cell $\mathrm{E}_1$ is connected at $\mathrm{X}$ in case (i) and how is $\mathrm{E}_1$, related to $\mathrm{E}$ ?
(ii) Which terminal of the cell $\mathrm{E}_1$ is connected at $\mathrm{X}$ in case ( 1 in 1$)$ ?
Solution:
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(i) One side deflection in galvanometer decreased, when jockey moving from one end ' $A$ ' of the wire to the end ' $B$ ', thus imply that current in auxiliary circuit decreases, while potential difference A and jockey increases.
This is positive only when positive terminal of the cell $E_1$ is connected at $X$ and negative at $Y$. So $E_1>E$.
(ii) One side deflection in galvanometer increased when jockey moving from one end $\mathrm{A}$ of the wire to the end $\mathrm{B}$, this imply that current in auxiliary circuit. increases, while potential difference across A and jockey increases.
This is possible only when negative terminal of the cell $\mathrm{E}_1$, is connected at $Y$ and negative at $X$. $\operatorname{So~}_1 < \mathrm{E}$.
This is positive only when positive terminal of the cell $E_1$ is connected at $X$ and negative at $Y$. So $E_1>E$.
(ii) One side deflection in galvanometer increased when jockey moving from one end $\mathrm{A}$ of the wire to the end $\mathrm{B}$, this imply that current in auxiliary circuit. increases, while potential difference across A and jockey increases.
This is possible only when negative terminal of the cell $\mathrm{E}_1$, is connected at $Y$ and negative at $X$. $\operatorname{So~}_1 < \mathrm{E}$.
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