Why do chromium and copper have five and ten electrons in the 3d orbitals, respectively, instead of four and nine as expected based on their position?

Question

Why do chromium and copper have five and ten electrons in the 3d orbitals, respectively, instead of four and nine as expected based on their position?, They violate the Aufbau principle., They have fully filled 4s orbitals., They have half-filled 4s orbitals., Fully filled and half-filled orbitals have extra stability.

MARKS App · Accepted Answer

The fully filled and half-filled orbitals have extra stability, which is why chromium and copper adopt the d5 and d10 configurations.

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