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An ideal monatomic gas is confined in a cylinder by a spring-loaded massless piston of cross-section 8×103 m2. The piston can slide on the walls of the cylinder without any friction. Initially, the gas is at 300 K and occupies a volume of 2.4×103 m3 and the spring is in its relaxed position. Now, gas is slowly heated by a small electric heater and the piston moves out slowly by 0.1 m. Calculate the final temperature of the gas and the heat supplied by the heater. The force constant of the spring is 8000 N/m and atmospheric pressure is 1×105 N/m2.

PhysicsThermodynamicsJEE Main
Options:
  • A T2=600 K, Q=680 J
  • B T2=800 K, Q=600 J
  • C T2=600 K, Q=720 J
  • D T2=800 K, Q=720 J
Solution:
1851 Upvotes Verified Answer
The correct answer is: T2=800 K, Q=720 J

In the initial condition

P1=105 PaV1=2.4×10-3 m3T1=300 K

Finally,

P2=P1+kxA=2×105 Pa

V2=V1+Ax=3.2×10-3 m3

P1V1T1=P2V2T2, on solving we get

T2=800 K

Applying work-energy theorem for the piston

Wgas+Watmos+Wspring=0

Wgas=P0Ax+12kx2=120 J

ΔU=nCVΔT=nRΔTγ-1=P2V2-P1V1γ-1=600 J

Q=ΔU+Wgas=600+120=72J

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