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Question: Answered & Verified by Expert
An urn contains five balls. Two balls are drawn at random and they are found to be white. The probability that all the balls in the urn are white, is
MathematicsProbabilityTS EAMCETTS EAMCET 2020 (11 Sep Shift 2)
Options:
  • A $\frac{1}{2}$
  • B $\frac{3}{8}$
  • C $\frac{2}{5}$
  • D $\frac{2}{3}$
Solution:
1157 Upvotes Verified Answer
The correct answer is: $\frac{1}{2}$
Let $A_i(i=1,2,3,4)$ be the event that the urn contains 2, 3, 4 or 5 white ball and the event that two white ball are drawn.
We have to find $P\left(A_4 / B\right)$
Since the four events $A_1, A_2, A_3, A_4$ are equally likely, we have $P\left(A_1\right)=P\left(A_2\right)=P\left(A_3\right)=P\left(A_4\right)=\frac{1}{4}$
$P\left(B / A_1\right)$ is the probability of event that the urn contains 2 white balls and both have been drawn.
Hence,
$P\left(B / A_1\right)=\frac{2 C_2}{5 C_2}=\frac{1}{10}$
Similarly, $P\left(B / A_2\right)=\frac{3 C_2}{5 C_2}=\frac{3}{10}$
$P\left(B / A_3\right)=\frac{4 C_2}{5 C_2}=\frac{6}{10}=\frac{3}{5} \Rightarrow P\left(B / A_4\right)=\frac{5 C_2}{5 C_2}=1$
$\therefore$ From the Baye's theorem
$P\left(A_4 / B\right)=\frac{P\left(A_4\right) P\left(B / A_4\right)}{\sum_{i=1}^4 P\left(A_1\right) P\left(B / A_1\right)}=\frac{(1 / 4) \cdot 1}{\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{10}+\frac{3}{10}+\frac{3}{5}+1\right)}$
$P\left(A_4 / B\right)=\frac{1}{2}$

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