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How many ATP are formed by oxidation of one glucose molecule in liver cells ?
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38
In liver cells and prokaryotic cells, 38 ATP are produced by the complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose.
$\begin{aligned} \text { Glycolysis } 2 \text { ATP directly } & =2 \text { ATP } \\ 2 \text { mol. of NADH } & =6 \text { ATP }\end{aligned}$
Pyruvic acid to
Acetyl Co-A 2 mol. of NADH = 6 ATP
Citric acid 6 mol. of NADH = 18 ATP
cycle
$\begin{array}{ll}2 \mathrm{~mol} . \text { of FADH } & =4 \mathrm{ATP} \\ 2 \mathrm{~mol} . \text { of GTP } & =2 \mathrm{ATP} \\ \text { Total } & =38 \mathrm{ATP}\end{array}$
$\begin{aligned} \text { Glycolysis } 2 \text { ATP directly } & =2 \text { ATP } \\ 2 \text { mol. of NADH } & =6 \text { ATP }\end{aligned}$
Pyruvic acid to
Acetyl Co-A 2 mol. of NADH = 6 ATP
Citric acid 6 mol. of NADH = 18 ATP
cycle
$\begin{array}{ll}2 \mathrm{~mol} . \text { of FADH } & =4 \mathrm{ATP} \\ 2 \mathrm{~mol} . \text { of GTP } & =2 \mathrm{ATP} \\ \text { Total } & =38 \mathrm{ATP}\end{array}$
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