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Let $A=\left[\begin{array}{cc}2 & -1 \\ 1 & 1\end{array}\right]$. If the sum of the diagonal elements of $A^{13}$ is $3^n$, then $n$ is equal to_________
MathematicsMatricesJEE MainJEE Main 2024 (08 Apr Shift 1)
Solution:
1476 Upvotes Verified Answer
The correct answer is: 7
$A=\left[\begin{array}{cc}2 & -1 \\ 1 & 1\end{array}\right]$
$\begin{aligned} & A^2=\left[\begin{array}{cc}2 & -1 \\ 1 & 1\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}2 & -1 \\ 1 & 1\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}3 & -3 \\ 3 & 0\end{array}\right] \\ & A^3=\left[\begin{array}{cc}3 & -3 \\ 3 & 0\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}2 & -1 \\ 1 & 1\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}3 & -6 \\ 6 & -3\end{array}\right] \\ & A^4=\left[\begin{array}{cc}3 & -6 \\ 6 & -3\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}2 & -1 \\ 1 & 1\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}0 & -9 \\ 9 & -9\end{array}\right] \\ & A^5=\left[\begin{array}{cc}0 & -9 \\ 9 & -9\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}2 & -1 \\ 1 & 1\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}-9 & -9 \\ 9 & -18\end{array}\right] \\ & A^6=\left[\begin{array}{cc}-9 & -9 \\ 9 & -18\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}2 & -1 \\ 1 & 1\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}-27 & 0 \\ 0 & -27\end{array}\right] \\ & A^7=\left[\begin{array}{cc}-27 & -0 \\ 0 & -27\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}-54 & 27 \\ -27 & -27\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}3^6 \times 2 & -27^2 \\ 27^2 & 3^6\end{array}\right] \\ & 3^7=3^n \Rightarrow n=7\end{aligned}$

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