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The reaction of aniline with chloroform under alkaline conditions leads to the formation of
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phenylisonitrile
Aniline is a primary amine (contains - $\mathrm{NH}_{2}$ group). When it is treated with chloroform under alkaline conditions, it results in the formation of a bad smelling compound, known by the name isonitrile or carbylamine. This reaction is known as carbylamine reaction. 
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