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Which of the following species participate in sulphonation of benzene ring ?
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\(\mathrm{SO}_3\)
Most electrophilic substitution reactions are irreversible but sulphonation is an exception. Treatment of benzene with "oleum" (a solution of \(\mathrm{SO}_3\) in conc. sulphuric acid) will give the sulphonic acid, the electrophile is sulphur trioxide \(\left(\mathrm{SO}_3\right)\).
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