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Question: Answered & Verified by Expert
Which one of the following pair of items correctly belongs to the category of organs mentioned against it?
BiologyStructural Organisation in AnimalsNEETNEET 2008 (Screening)
Options:
  • A Thorn of
    - Analogous organs
    Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita
  • B Nictitating - Vestigial organs membrane and blind spot in human eye
  • C Nephridia - Excretory organs of earthworm and Malpighian tubules of cockroach
  • D Wings of honey bee - Homologous organs and wings of crow
Solution:
1388 Upvotes Verified Answer
The correct answer is: Nephridia - Excretory organs of earthworm and Malpighian tubules of cockroach
In annelids like Nereis, earthworm, leech etc the tubular coiled structures called nephridia are excretory organs. In phylum-Arthropoda, insects, centipedes, millipedes and arachnides possess Malpighian tubules as their principal excretory organ.
Analogous organs have almost similar appearance and perform the same function but develop in totally different groups and are totally different in their basic structure and developmental origin, eg, wings of butterfly, birds, bats.
The homologous organs have common origin, perform varied functions and have different appearance, eg, thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita.
Vestigial organs are useless remnants, which might have been large and functional in the ancestors, eg, nictitating membrane, vermiform appendix, etc.

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